Suggested Avian Landscape Plants
(Excerpted from Clinical Avian Medicine, Harrison and Harrison, W.B. Saunders, 1986.)
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COMMON NAME
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SCIENTIFIC NAME
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COMMENTS
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Acacia
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Acacia sp.
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Prickly shrub, nesting site
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Areca Palm
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Chrysalidocarpus lutescens
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Good foliage
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Bouganvillea
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Bouganvillea sp.
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Shelter, nesting, colorful
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Ceriman, monstera
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Monstera deildosa
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Large philodendron
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Cycads
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Cycas sp., Zamia sp.
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Foliage, groundcover
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Fan Palm
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Livistona chinensis
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Foliage, shade tolerant
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Fig, creeping
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Ficus pumila
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Background covering
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Fig, fiddle-leaf
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Ficus lyrata
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Small foliage plant
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Fig, laurel-leaf
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Ficus microcarpa
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Dense foliage
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Fig, weeping
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Ficus benjamina
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Trailing foliage
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Firethorn
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Pyracantha sp.
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Dense foliage, edible berries
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Lady Palm
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Rhapis excelsa
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Forms clumps, small, shade tolerant
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Natal Palm
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Carissa sp.
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Natural hedge, edible berries
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Pittosporum
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Pittosporum tobira
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Evergreen shrub
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Shrubby Yew
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Podocarpus sp.
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Evergreen
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Silk Oak
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Grevillea robusta
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Tree, requires pruning
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Strawberry guava
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Psidium cattleianum
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Evergreen shrub, edible berries
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Umbrella tree, schefflera
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Brassaja actinophylla
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Evergreen
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Trees Providing Suitable Perches
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COMMON NAME
|
SCIENTIFIC NAME
|
COMMENTS
|
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Australian Pine
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Casuarina sp.
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Brittle when green
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Guava
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Psidium guava
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|
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Florida Holly
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Schinus terebinthifolius
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Edible berries
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Hibiscus Tree, mahoe
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Hibiscus tiliaceus
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Flowers and seeds edible
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Melaleuca, paper bark
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Melaleuca quinquenervia
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Soft wood, edible flowers
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Oak
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Quercus sp.
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Hardwood
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Seagrape
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Coccoloba uifera
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Hardwood, edible berries
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Flowering Plants That Produce Nectar Or Attract Insects
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COMMON NAME
|
SCIENTIFIC NAME
|
COMMENTS
|
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Flame Tree
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Pyrostegia ignea
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Abundant nectar, large vine
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Geiger Tree
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Cordia sebestena
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Small, slow-growing tree
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Ixora
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Ixora coccinea
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Abundant nectar, good hedge
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Lantana
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Lantana sp.
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Nectar, edible berries
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Orange Jessamine
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Murraya paniculata
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Flowers, edible berries
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Orchid Tree
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Bauhinia sp.
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Deciduous, attracts hummingbirds
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Melaleuca
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Melateuca quinqenervia
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Edible blossoms
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Bromeliads
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Aechmea sp., Guzmania sp., Neoregelia sp
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"Tank" in center attracts insects
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Plants Useful For Edible Products
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COMMON NAME
|
SCIENTIFIC NAME
|
COMMENTS
|
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Asparagus Fern
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Asparagus densiflorus
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Red berries, edible foliage
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Barbados Cherry, acerola
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Malpighia glabra
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Red berries, high in vitamin C
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Singapore Holly
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Malpighia coccigera
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Red berries, high in vitamin C
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Elderberry
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Sambucus simpsoni
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Edible berries, attracts insects
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Mulberry
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Morus nigra, M. rubra
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Excellent berries in spring
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Strawberry Tree
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Muntingia calabura
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Berries year round
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Surinam Cherry
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Eugenia uniflora
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Fruit, good hedge
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West Indies Almond
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Terminalia catappa
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Corky fruit with edible kernel, good parrot toy
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Trees and Shrubs that May Be Planted Freely Within a Zoo
(Excerpted from Plant Poisonings in Zoos in North America, Fowler, Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine 4, 1999.)
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COMMON NAME
|
SCIENTIFIC NAME
|
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Abelia
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Abelia species
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Strawberry tree
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Arbutus unedo
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Manzanita, bearberry
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Arctostapkylos species
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Barberry
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Berberis species
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Bottlebrush
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Collistemon species
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Camellia
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Camellia species
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Beefwood, she oak, Australian pine
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Casuarina equisetifolia
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California lilac, mountain lilac
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Ceanothus species
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Camphor tree
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Cinnamomum caphora
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Orange, lemon, lime, grapefruit
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Citrus species
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Cotoneaster
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Cotoneaster species
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Loquat
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Eriobotrya japonica
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Eucalyptus, gum trees
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Eucalyptus species
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Eugenia
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Eugenia species
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Euonymus
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Euonymus species
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Aralia
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Fatsia japonica
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Pinapple guava
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Feijoa sellowiana
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Gardenia
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Gardenia jasminoides
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Laurel, sweet bay
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Laurus nobilis
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Oregon grape, holly
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Mahonia repens
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Heavenly bamboo, sacred bamboo
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Nandia domestica
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Olive
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Olea european
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This is not an exhaustive list of trees or shrubs that may be used freely in zoo landscaping, but provides a foundation upon which to build.
Many of the trees and shrubs in this group may be used for browse; however not all are equally palatable.